BRUSSELS – President Joe Biden used his first NATO summit since taking office to join other members of the military alliance in calling for a response to China’s growing power, adding to an already fraught relationship between Russia and the alliance.
NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said Monday that the 30-country alliance, established in the wake of World War II to counter the geopolitical ambitions of the-then Soviet Union, was at a “pivotal moment” in its 72-year history. And Biden told the bloc’s leaders as he arrived for the one-day meeting in Brussels, Belgium, that he wanted to “make it clear” that “NATO is critically important for U.S. interests.”
In a new conference, Biden said “Russia and China are both seeking to drive a wedge in our transatlantic solidarity,” but added that the NATO Treaty is “rock solid and unshakeable.”
Biden said he spoke with his foreign counterparts about Russia’s aggressive acts that posed a threat to security, particularly on recent malicious cyber attacks.
“I’m not looking for conflict with Russia but we will respond if Russia continues its harmful activities,” he said.
Former President Donald Trump left many U.S. allies confused on that point as he disparaged the alliance’s utility and effectiveness, publicly accused members of shirking funding commitments, and appeared at pains at times to appease NATO’s longtime chief adversary – Russian President Vladimir Putin.
A NATO communiqué issued Monday kept up the pressure on Russia, saying that “until Russia demonstrates compliance with international law and its international obligations and responsibilities, there can be no return to ‘business as usual’” with Moscow.
Russia’s territorial aggressions in neighboring Ukraine have unsettled NATO members, and Moscow’s use of disinformation and cyber-warfare has further inflamed tensions. Biden will meet with Putin in Geneva on Wednesday, when many of the issues discussed by NATO leaders will be raised with the Russian leader.
“Russia has amped up its game in the last several months, and we are targets,” said Philip M. Breedlove, a former NATO Supreme Allied Commander for Europe, referring to cyberattacks against U.S. interests that Washington believes were orchestrated in some form by the Kremlin. ” And we’ve got to figure out how to deal with it.”
But for the first time in the alliance’s history China was singled out in a NATO summit statement, with leaders saying Beijing presents “systemic challenges” for the alliance.
The 79-point communiqué accused Beijing of “rapidly expanding its nuclear arsenal” and being “opaque in implementing its military modernization.” It raised the alarm over China’s military cooperation with Russia in the form of training exercises. Moscow and Beijing held joint military drills for the first time in the Baltic Sea recently.
“We remain concerned with China’s frequent lack of transparency and use of disinformation. We call on China to uphold its international commitments and to act responsibly in the international system, including in the space, cyber, and maritime domains, in keeping with its role as a major power,” the communiqué said.
Beijing quickly shot back.
The Chinese embassy in the U.K. on Monday issued a statement saying NATO “deliberately slandered China and arbitrarily interfered in China’s internal affairs” and exposed the “sinister intentions of a few countries” such as the U.S.
NATO leaders said they would expand Article 5 – a mutual defense clause invoked only once previously in the alliance’s history, after the Sept. 11. attacks – to include assaults that take place in space. Until today, Article 5 only applied to traditional military attacks that happened on land, sea or in the air. Cyberspace attacks were recently added.
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